Bachelor of Science in Microbiology (MIC)

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Bachelor of Science in Microbiology (MIC)

Bachelor of Science in Microbiology (MIC)

About BS in Microbiology

MNS Department started the undergraduate program of BS in Microbiology (136 credits) in Summer 2010. Microbiology, an integral part of molecular biology is emerging as a key biological science involving the study of cellular information. The mission of the undergraduate program in microbiology is to prepare the students for employment in their chosen areas and to provide them with rigorous training so that they can develop proper skills for a successful career in microbiology. A student has option for doing a double-major with microbiology as the first major. One can take a minor in microbiology as well.

Curriculum

Course Structure of Undergraduate B.Sc in Microbiology

A 4-year (12 semesters) Microbiology undergraduate programme has been designed including topics of recent trends in this field with emphasis on applications of microbiology in different areas of socio-economic activities. Once a student has completed this course he/she should be well equipped to fulfill the requirement for jobs in public sectors and private enterprises involved in different microbiology research, development and applications and to face the challenges of new developments in this field.

The programme of study includes courses for improving communication skills, strengthening mathematical background and acquainting the student with socio-economic and historical background of Bangladesh. With this basic background the student should face no problem to find a suitable job in different universities, research and development organizations and private enterprises.

The total credit requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Microbiology are 136. Out of these 21 credits is on general education, which is compulsory as per requirement of the BRAC University. The departmental core courses account for 76 credits including departmental core courses (63 credits) practical (6 credits), Microbiology internship (3 credits) and thesis /project (4 credits). In addition a student has to undertake 12 credits on elective courses and 27 credits from outside the major specialization. For elective and outside major courses a student can choose from several courses outlined in the syllabus in consultation with the department. The student may also be required to take non-credit remedial course in English.

Courses for Bachelor of Science in Microbiology

(a) General education (21 Credits):

1. MAT 101 Fundamentals of Mathematics
2. DEV 101 Bangladesh Studies
3. ENG 091 Foundation Course (non credit)
4. ENG 101 English Fundamentals
5. CSE 101 Introduction to Computer Science
6. ENG 102 Composition 1
7. HUM 103 Ethics and Culture
8. BIO 101 Introduction to Biology

(b) Departmental Core Courses (63 Credits):

1. MIC 101 General Microbiology
2. BCH 101 Basic Biochemistry
3. BCH 102 Biophysical Chemistry
4. MIC 102 Basic techniques in Microbiology
5. MIC 201 Microbial Chemistry
6. BCH 201 Human Physiology
7. MIC 202 Microbial metabolism
8. MIC 203 Environmental Microbiology
9. MIC 204 Medical Microbiology
10. BTE 207 Introduction to Molecular Biology
11. MIC 301 Virology
12. BCH 301 Basic Immunology
13. BTE 307 Advanced Molecular Biology
14. MIC 302 Food Microbiology
15. MIC 303 Agriculture Microbiology
16. MIC 306 Pharmaceutical Microbiology
17. MIC 308 Fermentation Technology
18. BTE 401 Bioinformatics
19. MIC 401 Microbial Genetic Engineering
20. MIC 402 Analytical Microbiology
21. MIC 403 Microbiological Quality Control of Food, Fish and Beverages

(c) Elective Courses (12 Credits):

1. MIC 304 Microbial Biotechnology
2. MIC 307 Microbiology of Frozen Food and Fish
3. BTE 315 Bioremediation and Biodeterioration
4. BTE 312 Computer Application in Biotechnology
5. BTE 317 Biostatistics
6. MIC 309 Immuno-pathology and Vaccine Development
7. MIC 404 Molecular Virology and Oncology
8. MIC 405 Drinking Water Microbiology
9. MIC 406 Medical and Diagnostic Microbiology
10. BCH 202 Enzyme and Enzyme Kinetics
11. MIC 407 Bacterial Pathogenesis and Molecular Epidemiology
12. BTE 313 Biomass and Bio-fuel
13. MIC 408 Extremophiles
14. BTE 403 DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Diagnostics
15. BTE 404 Bioprocess Technology

(d) Lab (6 Credits):

MIC 105 Microbiol Lab I
MIC 205 Microbiol Lab II
MIC 207 Microbiol Lab III
MIC 305 Microbiol Lab IV

(e) Microbiology Internship (3 credits):

MIC 400 Industrial/Research Organizations Attachment

(f) Thesis/ Project (4 Credits):

MIC 450 Microbiology Project

(g) Courses Outside Major Specialization (27 Credits):

1. ANT 101 Introduction to Anthropology
2. ARC 292* Painting
3. ARC 293* Music Appreciation
4. MIC 316 Microbes and Human Civilization
5. BTE 317 Biostatistics
6. BUS 101 Introduction to Business
7. CHE 101 Introduction to Chemistry
8. CSE 110 Programming Language
9. ENV 101 Introduction to Environmental Science
10. ECO 10 Principles of Economics
11. HUM 101 World Civilizations and Culture
12. HUM 102 Introduction to Philosophy
13. HUM 111 History of Science
14. MGT 211 Principles of Management
15. PHY 101 Introduction to Physics
16. POL 103 Introduction to Political Science
17. PSY 101 Introduction to Psychology
18. SOC 101 Introduction to Sociology
19. SOC 401 Gender and Development
20. STA 201 Elements of Statistics and Probability

* 2 Credit Courses

V. Semester wise Distribution of Courses

1st Year

Semester Course No. Course Name Credits
MIC 101 General Microbiology 3
BIO 101 Introduction to Biology 3
First
BCH 101 Basic Biochemistry 3
DEV 101 Bangladesh Studies 3
MIC 101 Microbiol. Lab 1 1.5
ENG 101 English Fundamentals 3
Sub Total 16.5 Credits

Semester Course No. Course Name Credits
MIC 102 Basic Techniques in Microbiology 3
Second CSE 101 Introduction to Computer Science 3
MAT 101 Fundamentals of Mathematics 3
ENG 102 Composition I 3
BCH 102 Biophysical Chemistry 3
HUM 103 Ethics and Culture 3
MIC 205 Microbial Lab II 1.5

Sub Total 19.5 Credits

Total Credits in First year = 16.5+19.5= 36

2nd Year

Semester Course No. Course Name Credits
MIC 201 Microbial Chemistry 3
BCH 201 Human Physiology 3
Third MIC 202 Microbial Metabolism 3
Elective Course (c ) 3
Elective Course outside major(g) 3
Sub Total 15 Credits

Semester Course No. Course Name
MIC 203 Environmental Microbiology 3
MIC 204 Medical Microbiology 3
Fourth BTE 207 Introduction to Molecular Biology 3
Elective Courses outside Major 6
MIC 207 Microbiol Lab III 1.5

Sub Total 16.5 Credits
Total Credits in 2nd Year 15+16.5= 31.5 Credits

3rd Year

Semester Course No. Course Name Credits
MIC 301 Virology 3
BCH 302 Basic Immunology 3
Fifth BTE307 Advanced Molecular Biology 3
MIC 302 Food Microbiology 3
Elective Course outside Major 3
MIC 305 Microbiol Lab IV 1.5

Sub Total 16.5 Credits

Semester Course No. Course Name Credits
MIC 303 Agriculture Microbiology 3
MIC 304 Microbial Biotechnology 3
Sixth MIC 306 Pharmaceutical Microbiology 3
Elective Course ( c) 3
Elective Courses outside Major 6

Sub Total 18 Credits

Total Credits in Third Year 16.5+18= 34.5

4th Year

Semester Course No. Course Name Credits
BTE 401 Bioinformatics 3
MIC 401 Microbial Genetic Engineering 3
Seventh Elective Course ( c) 3
Elective Courses outside Major(g) 6

MIC 450 Microbiology Project/Thesis 2

Sub Total 17 Credits

Semester Course No. Course Name Credits
MIC 402 Analytical Microbiology 3
MIC 403 Microbiological Quality Control of Food, Fish and Beverages 3
MIC 400 Industrial Attachment 3
Eight MIC 450 Microbiology Project/Thesis 2
Elective Course( c ) 3
Elective Course outside Major 3

Sub Total 17 Credits

Total credits in Fourth Year 17+17= 34

Total Credits 1st Year+ 2nd Year+ 3rd Year+4th year= 36+31.5+34.5+34=136

Academic System & Evaluation Method

(a) Academic Standards

In keeping with the mission and goals in mind, the Undergraduate programme in Microbiology will strive to ensure high academic standards by implementing well-designed curricula, carefully selecting high quality students and faculty, utilizing modern and effective instructional methods and aides, and by continuously monitoring and rigorously evaluating all the pertinent activities and systems. A special feature of teaching will be the tutorial/ lab/ workshop sessions designed to assist students in learning application of the concepts and theories.

(b) Courses and Credit Requirements

The Bachelor of Science programme in Microbiology will follow the model of higher education consisting of semesters, courses, credit hours, continuous evaluation and letter grading as in all other courses of BRAC University. There are two regular semesters: Fall and Spring, each with a duration of 14 weeks and a Summer semester of 9 weeks. The undergraduate curriculum consists of general education courses, major courses, elective courses and non-major area courses.

Credit hours for a course are assigned on the basis of a 14 – week semester. One (1) credit hour means that the course meets for 60 minutes in a class each week; 3 credits mean that it will meet three times every week.

(c) Examination, Evaluation and Grading

The grading process will undoubtedly be transparent. The performance of the students is evaluated throughout the semester through class tests, quizzes, assignments, and midterm exams. End of semester evaluation includes final examinations, term papers, project reports etc. Numerical scores earned by a student in tests, examinations, assignments etc. are cumulated and converted to letter grades.

(d) Distribution of Marks & GPA Computation

The distribution of marks for the performance evaluation is as follows:

i. Theory Courses

Section Marks %
1. Quizzes/ Class Tests/ Assignments/ Participation/ Attendance 30
2. Mid Term Examination 20
3. Final Examination (comprehensive), Projects 50
Total Marks 100

ii. Lab Courses

Section Marks %
1. Reports/ Class Tests/ Participation / Viva-Voce 30
2. Lab Experiments 30
3. Final Examination 40
Total Marks 100

iii. Thesis / Project

Thesis / Project work will be spread over two semesters (7th & 8th). The mark distribution for the Thesis / Project will be as follows:

Section Marks%
1. Viva-Voce (End of the 7th semester) 15
2. Thesis / Project Work 55
3. Defence (End of 8th semester) 30
Total Marks 100

Class attendance is compulsory for every student. 5% of total marks in every course is allocated for attendance in classes including tutorials and labs. The basis for awarding marks for attendance is as follows:

Attendance Marks
90% and above 5
85% to less than 90% 4
80% to less than 85% 3
75% to less than 80% 2
70% to less than 75% 1
Less than 70% 0

If a student does not attend a minimum of 70% of the total classes including tutorials and labs, s/he will not be allowed to take the final exam.

Marks earned by the students in Class Tests, Quizzes, Assignments, Participation, Attendance, Midterm Exam , Final Exam, Projects, Term Papers etc are to be cumulated and the total is to be graded as per the scale given below:

Letter Grade GP
90 - 100 = A (4.0) Excellent
85 - < 90 = A- (3.7)
80 - < 85 = B+ (3.3)
75 - < 80 = B (3.0) Good
70 - < 75 = B- (2.7)
65 - < 70 = C+ (2.3)
60 - < 65 = C (2.0) Fair
57 - < 60 = C- (1.7)
55 - < 57 = D+ (1.3)
52 - < 55 = D (1.0) Poor
50 - < 52 = D- (0.7)
<50 = F (0.0) Failure

P: Pass
I: Incomplete
W: Withdrawal
R: Retaken

GPA Computation

The Grade Point Average (GPA) is computed in the following manner:
GPA = Sum of (Grade points x Credits)/ Sum of Credits Attempted

Course Details

(a) Theoretical Courses

ANT 101 Introduction to Anthropology 3 credits

Humans in nature, human evolution, history of culture, rise of early civilizations in the old and new world, organizations of pre-industrial society environment, resources and their distribution; gender, kinship and descent, religion, economics, politics, survival of indigenous groups, forms of culture and society among contemporary peoples, Comparative study of traditional and changing Third World societies, impact of modern world on traditional societies, power and social order; custom and law, conflict and change, Cultural and ethnic diversity.

Suggested Readings

1. Cultural Anthropology, a Global Perspective: R Scupin
2. Anthropology: The Exploration of Human Diversity: Conrad P Kottak
3. Anthropology: C Ember and M Ember
4. Cultural Anthropology: W A Haviland
5. Anthropology – Social and Cultural: Kedar Nath, Ram Nath
6. An Introduction to Anthropology: Victor Barnouw.

ARC 292 Painting 2 credits

Painting as a form of artistic and architectural expression. Introduction to various media in painting. Still life sketches and painting. Study of forms in painting. Landscapes and cityscapes. Colour pencils, crayons, pastels and watercolour. Mixed media. Computers in painting.

ARC 293 Music Appreciation 2 credits

Musical form. Ingredients of music: sound and time. Indian and Western music: melody and harmony. Foundations of sub-continental music: raga system. Presentation of vocal and instrumental music. Modern Bengali music and works of major composers and demonstrations. Western classical music and works of major composers. Music and its rhythm, composition etc.

BCH 101 Basic Biochemistry 3 credits

Concept of life and living processes – The identifying characteristics of a living matter; The Cell and its evolution; From molecules to the first cell; From prokaryotes to eukaryotes; structure and function of sub-cellular organelles; Brief treatment of mitosis and meiosis;
Cell Membrane and its Organization- Elementary idea of cellular constituents: Nucleus, Mitochondria, Golgi bodies, Endoplasmic reticulum, Lysogymes and Microbodies; Bacterial and Plant Cell walls; Biomolecules-The small molecules of life – Sugars, organic acids, amino acids, fatty acids and nucleotides; Macromolecules of life: polysaccharides, fats, proteins and nucleic acids; General idea of primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures of proteins; Nucleus and Heredity-Nuclear membrane; Nucleolus- Nuclear pores; Chromosomes; Packaging of DNA; DNA as Genetic material; DNA replication- basic concept; Transcription-from DNA to RNA; Translation-RNA to protein Ribosomes and protein synthesis; Mitochondria –The power house; Structure, organization and function; Elementary account of Glycolysis and Krebs cycle, Electron transport chain and role of mitochondria in the later process.
Chloroplasts- Capturing energy from the sun; Structure, organization and function; Basic information on ‘light’ and ‘dark’ reactions of photosynthesis and participation of chloroplast in the process.

Suggested Readings:

1. Lehninger, Albert L. 1978. Biochemistry., M/s Worth Publishers Inc,, New York
2. Lehninger, Albert L. 1978. Principles of Biochemistry., M/s Worth Publishers Inc,, New York
3. Matthews & Van Holde, 2nd Ed. Biochemistry, Benjamin Cummings Pub. Co.
4. Stryer, L. 4th Ed. Biochemistry.
5. Rawn, 1989. Biochemistry.
6. Voet & Voet, 1991. Biochemistry

Course Prerequisite: None

BCH 102 Biophysical Chemistry 3 credits

Basic concepts- Moles, Molarity, Normality, Avogadro’s number, Molality; ionization of acids and bases- Bronsted- Lowry concept, Lewis concept, Arhenius concept, strength of acids, pH and pKa of solutions, buffer solutions and buffer capacity, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, acid base indicators; titration, choice of suitable indicators; Physical properties of water, ionic products of water and pH scale;
Thermodynamics- First law; definition; nature of heat and work, first law of thermodynamics, internal energy, enthalpy, molar heat capacities, isothermal and adiabatic expansion;; Second law of thermodynamics- statement of the second law, entropy changes, phase transition, reversibility and irreversibility; Free energy, variation with temperature and pressure, Gibbs-Helmholtz equation, Clausius- Clapeyron equation; application of thermodynamics in biotechnology, open system, high energy compounds
Thermochemistry- Exothermic and endothermic reactions, standard enthalpy formation, thermochemical equatios. Reaction enthalpy; Chemical equilibrium- the nature of chemical equlibrium, law of mass action, equilibrium constant, relationship between ^G and Keq; Effect of temperature and pressure, Le Chattelier principle, equilibrium reaction involving protons, coupling of reactions; Chemical kinetics-Definition, reaction rate, rate laws of zero, first and second order reactions, molecularity of a reaction , pseudo first order reaction, half life; determination of order of a reaction, effect of temperature on reaction rates; Catalysis- Definition, types, characteristics of catalysts, activation energy of catalysis,
Course Prerequisite: None

Suggested Readings

1. Bahl, B.S. & Tuli, G.D. & Bahl A., Essentials of Physical Chemistry, S Chand & Company, New Delhi, 2004-05
2. A Text Book of Physical Chemistry, P.W. Atkins
3. T. Hossain, A Text Book of Heat

BCH 201 Human Physiology 3 credits

Digestion and digestive system: Mechanisms and control of the secretion: Composition of digestive juices; digestion and absorption of foodstuffs; Blood and circulatory system : Composition, formation, destruction and function of blood; blood coagulation; blood groups; tissue fluid; cardiovascular system; Respiratory system and respiratory stimulants : structures and functions of lungs, liver, kidney, pancreas, spleen and nervous system; Water and electrolytic balance; Lymphoid and lymphatic system; Endocrinology : functions, mechanisms and function of testis, ovary, uterus and placenta.

Course Prerequisite: BCH 101

Suggested Readings:

1. M. Grifiths. Introduction of Human Physiology.
2. R.F. Schumddt and G. Thews. Human Physiology.
3. G. Thews, F. Mustscheler & P. Vaupe. Human Anatomy, Physiology and Pathohysiology.

BCH 301 Basic Immunology 3 credits

History and introduction of immunology: History and development of immunology; introduction to immune system; basic concept of innate and adaptive immunity; cellular and humoral immunity; Cells involved in immune response: General features and functions of lymphoid cells; mononuclear phagocytes; antigen presenting cells; polymorphs; mast cells and platelets; Lymphoid system: Primary and secondary lymphoid tissue; primary lymphoid organs; secondary lymphoid organs and tissue; Innate immunity: Phagocytosis; process of phagocytosis; complement system; activation and biological function of complements; Immunoglobulins: basic structure and function of imunoglobulins; immunoglobulins classes and sub-classes; physiochemical properties; distribution and function of different classes and subclasses of immunoglobulins; memory B cell; genetic basis of antibody heterogenecity; antibody class switching; Antigens: general properties of antigens; antigenic determinants; haptens; Membrane receptor for antigens: B cell surface receptors for antigens; T cell receptors (TCR) major histocompatibiliy complex (MHC); antigens structure function of MHC class 1 and class 2 molecules; gene map of MHC antigens; processing and presentation of peptides by MHC molecules; antigen recognition; antigen-antibody interaction; forces of antigen-antibody binding; haplotype restriction of T cell reactivity; Inflammation: patterns of cell migration; and inflammation and their control; Lymphocyte activation: Interaction of T lymphocyte and APC ; signals for T cell activation; B cell response to thymus dependent and independent antigens; B cell activation by surface Ig and T cells; Immune regulation: regulation of immune response by antigen antibody presenting cells and lymphocytes; idiotypic regulation of immune response; Effector molecules: cytokines; origin, source and effector function; cytokine action and network interaction; Immunity to infection: immunity to extracellular and intracellular bacteria; bacterial survival strategies; immunity to viral infection; innate and specific immune response to viruses; strategies for evading immune defenses for viruses; immunity to parasitic infection; Immunological techniques: precipitation reaction; immunodiffusion; immuno-electroporesis; agglutination; co-agglutination and hemagglutination; complement fixation; direct and indirect immulo-fluroescence; immunoassay; immunoblotting; immunopreciption; florescence-activated cell sorter (FACS); Monoclonal antibiotics: production of hybridoma screening; cloning and large scale production of monoclonal antibodies.
Courrse Prerequisite: BTE 207

Suggested Readings:

1. Immunology – M. Roitt et al.
2. Essential Immunology – I.M. Roill et al.
3. Advanced Immunology – D.K. Male et al.
4. Text book of immunology – T.J. Barrett.
5. Immunology’ An introduction – I.R. Tizard

BCH 300 Basic Immunology 3 credits

Suggested Readings:

BI0 101 Introduction to Biology 3 credits

An introduction to the cellular aspects of modern biology including the chemical basis of life, cell theory, energetics, genetics, development, physiology, behavior, homeostasis and diversity, and evolution and ecology. This course will explain the development of cell structure and function as a consequence of evolutionary process, and stress the dynamic property of living systems.

Suggested Readings

1. Biology: P.H. Raven and G.B. Johnson
2. Biological Science: G. W. Stout and D. J. Taylor
3. Advanced Biology: J. Simpkins and J. J. Williams
4. Biology: A Fundamental Approach: M. B. Roberts

BTE 207 Introduction to Molecular Biology 3 credits

Mendelism : Mendel’s experiments and his interpretation; the basic principles of dominance, segregation and independent assortment; misinterpretations of Mendelian principles; Chromosomal basis of inheritance : the chromosome theory of heredity : sex chromosomes and sex determination; sex-linked genes in human beings; variation in chromosome number and structure; Chemical nature of hereditary material : experiments with bacteria and bacteriophage indicating DNA to the material of heredity; Chromosome structure in prokaryotes; the Watson and Crick model of DNA structure; alternate forms of the double value and hybridization kinetics.; Replication of DNA : Semi-conservative replication: experiments of Meselson and Stahl; DNA polymerases; proofreading activities of DNA poly-merases; the mechanism of DNA replication; circular DNA replication; Transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes : different types of RNA molecules; prokaryotic and eukaryotic RNA poylmerases; mechanisms of transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes: post-transcription modification of RNA; interrupted genes in eukaryotes; Mechanism of removal of intron sequences; Translation and the genetic code : polypeptides and proteins; synthesis of polypeptide chain; nonsense mutation and suppressor mutation; the genetic code; Wobble hypothesis; post-translation modification of protein.
Course prerequisite: BCH 101,

Suggested Readings:

1. Genetics – M.W. Striekberger
2. Molecular Biology of the Gene – Watson, Hopkins, Roberts, Sgteitz and Weiner
3. Molecular Biology – David Freifelder
4. Essential Genetics – Peter J. Russel
5. Principles of Genetics – D.P. Snustad, M. J. Simmons & J.B. Jenkins.

BTE 206 Introduction to Molecular Biology 3 credits

Suggested Readings:

BTE 307 Advanced Molecular Biology 3 Credits

Mutation: mutation rate, types of mutations, detection of mutations; mutagenic agents molecular basis of mutagenesis; mutation induced by physical and agents. Effects of mutation on genomes, multicellular organisms and microorganism; DNA repair mechanism: Nature of DNA damage; Light dependent repair; excision repair; mismatch repair; post-replication repair; SOS repair; Gene transmission in bacteria: mutant phenotypes in bacteria; basic test for transmformation; conjugation and transduction; transformation and gene mapping; conjugation and gene mapping; the evolutionary significance of sexuality in bacteria; Plasmids: basic features; size and copy number; conjugation and compatibility; plasmid classification; plasmids in organisms other than bacteria; Regulation of bacterial gene expression: Constitutive; inducible; and repressive gene expression; lactose operon in E. coli , induction and catabolic repression; tryptophane operand in E. coli , repression and attenuation; arabionse operon in E. coli ; positive and negative control; transcriptional; translational and post-translational regulatory mechanisms; Genetic-recombination: types of recombination; models of general recombination; molecular basis of homologous and non-homologous recombination; Transposable genetic elements: Transposable elements in prokaryotes; IS elements; composite transposons; Tn3 elements; the medical significance of bacterial transposons; transposable elements in eukaryotes; Mobile genetic elements in eukaryotes(jumping gene)-relevance to plants, Studied in maize; Generation of antibody diversity.
Course prerequisite: BTE 207

Suggested Readings:

1. Principles of Genetics – E.J. Gardner, M.J. Simmons & D.P. Snustad
2. Molecular Biology of the Gene – Watson, Hopkins, Roberts, Steitz & Weiner
3. Gene VI – B. Lewin
4. Principles of Genetics – D.P. Snustad, M.J. Simmons & J.B. Jenkins.

BTE 315 Bioremediation and Biodeterioration 3 credits

Biodeterioration of materials: Basic concepts, factors involved in biodeterioration; biodeterioration of leather, wool, fur, feather, stones, plastics and rubber; Control of biodeterioration – physical, chemical and biological methods; Biodegradation of recalcitrant industrial wastes: xenobiotic chemicals in the environment; biodegradable, persistent and recalcitrant wastes; structure-recalcitrance relationship, ring cleavage-Ortho and para cleavage; factors affecting microorganisms to degrade xenobiotics; Biodegradation and metabolism: removal of substituent groups and ring opening in model molecules: biodegradation of pesticides; choloroorganics; organic dyes; phenols and petroleum hydrocarbons; Enrichment and isolation of degradative microbes: recent approaches to enrich and isolate microbes having catabolic properties; Biotechnological aspects for effluent treatment: genetic manipulation, enzyme and specialized bacteria; biodegradability testing; monitoring of the bioremediation of xenobiotic pollutants; Biosensor: use and application of biosensor for detection of pollutants; Approaches to bioremediation: environmental modification for bioremediation; microbial seeding and bioengineering approaches to the bioremediation of pollutants; Biological control of insects and pests: biopesticides of microbial origin; viral bacterial, protozoan and fungal pesticides; Water treatment systems: coagulation and flocculation: sedimentation; filtration; disinfection use of ozone, UV and activated carbon; measurement of treatment efficiency; recent advances in biochemical, serological and molecular techniques for the detection of indicators and pathogenic microorganisms in surface, ground and potable waters; Toxicity testing in wastewater: impacts of toxicity on wastewater treatment; heavy metals; organic toxicants; enzymatic assays and microbial bioassays; Pollution control biotechnology: production of microbial seeds; use of bioaugmentation in waste treatment, use of enzymes and immobilized microbial cells; removal of metals by microbes.
Course prerequisite: BTE304,/MIC203

Suggested Readings:
1. Microbial Ecology – Atlas & Bartha
2. Current perspective in Microbial Ecology - Klug & Reddy
3. Ecological Systems and the Environment – I. Foin
4. Biotreatment Systems, volume-II – D.L. Wise
5. Wastewater Microbiology – Gabriel Bitton

BTE 401 Bioinformatics 3 credits

Biological databases- Primary sources of sequence and structure data; secondary data bases; Sequence analysis for Molecular biology- primer selection, restriction mapping, protein sequence analysis; Sequence alignment- Scoring matrices- PAM and BLOSUM- Local and Global alignment concepts- dynamic programming methodology; Needlham Wunsch algorithm, Smith-Waterman algorithm; Statistics of alignment score; Multiple sequence alignment; Progressive alignment; Heuristic methods for data base searching- BLAST and FASTA; Phylogenic analysis- Evolutionery chnges in Nucleotide sequences,; Rates and pattern of nucleotide substirution; Methods for phylogenic estimation- Maximum parsimony, Distance Matrix Methods and Maximum Likelihood Methods; Functional Perl Programming for bioinformatics; String processing; Regular Expressions; Object oriented programming in Perl.
Course prerequisite: CSE 101, BTE 203/BTE 207, BTE204/MIC401

Suggested Readings

1. Baxevanis, A.D. Quellette, B.F.F. Bioinformatics
2. Mount, D.W. Bioinformatics: Sequence and Genome analysis
3. Gaur, D. Li, W-H. Fundamentals of Molecular evolution
4. Tisdall,J.D. Mastering Perl foe Bioinformatics
5. Claverie, J.M Notredamame, C. 2003. Bioinformatics for Dummies

BTE 404 Bioprocess Technology 3 credits

Development of bioprocess technology- Methods of biocatalysis and biotransformations, Concepts and general features of biotransformations- Procedures, techniques and media for biotransformations; Reaction in solvent mixtures; Equipment, automation, standardization, quality control and quality assurance; Optimization procedures; Examples of bioconversion processes; Scale up of microbial processes- Criteria used for scale up; Important factors for development of microbial processes- physical, chemical process and sterilization factors; Processing of Food and Feed- Raw materials, microorganisms, processing; Food value and economic importance of fermented foods-idli, dahi, tofu, tempeh; Microbial up gradation of poultry and animal feed; Biocomposting processes- succession of microorganisms, bioelemental changes, Applications; Single step microbial processes of industrial importance- Steroid biotransformation, vinegar production etc.
Course Prerequisites: BTE306/MIC308, BTE302/MIC304

Suggested Readings

1. Rehm, H-J. and Reed G. Biotechnology 2nd Edition. Volume 3. Bioprocessing
2. Domain, A.L. and Davies, J.E. Manual of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology
3. Steinkraus, K.H. Handbook of Indigenous Fermented Foods
4. Chahal, D.S. Food, Feed and Fuel from Biomass
5. Mizrahi, A. and van Wezel, AL. Advances in Biotechnological Processes

MIC 101 General Microbiology 3 credits

Development of microbiology: Discovery of microorganisms; biogenesis versus abiogenesis; fermentation process; germ theory of disease; Koch’s postulates; development of laboratory techniques; vaccination; Chemotherapy; Scope of microbiology: in human welfare, agriculture, industry, health and sanitation; environment and pollution control; Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells-Morphological characterization and ultra structure of procaryotic and eucaryotic cells: functions of different subcelluar elements; distinctive characteristics of the major groups of microorganisms; significance of smallness; endosymbiotic hypothesis; Bacteria: size, shape and arrangements; characteristics of major groups of Gram-negative and Gram positive bacteria; Archaea : general characteristics; morphological and physiological diversity.; Viruses : discovery : general characteristics; morphology; chemical composition; classification and nomenclature of bacteriophages; bacteriophage life cycle : lytic and lysogenic life cycles; replication and one-step multiplication curve; viroids; prions; Fungi : general morphological characteristics; growth and reproduction; classification; importance in industry and natural process; Algae : general characteristics; classification; microscopic algae and their importance; Protozoa : general characteristics; classification of major groups; importance in natural process.

course Prerequisite: None

Suggested Readings

1. G. Schlegel et al. 1993. General Microbiology-II, -. 7th Ed. Cambridge University Press
2. T.D. Brock et al. Biology of Microorganisms . 9th Ed. Prentice Hall International Inc.
3. M. J. Pelczar, Jr; E.C.S. Chan & N.R. Krieg. Microbiology. 5th Ed. Tata Mcgraw Hill Publishing
4. G.J. Tortora et al. Microbiology: An Introduction. 6th Ed. The Benjamin Cunnings Publishing Co.
5. A.J. Salle et al.Fundamental principles of Bacteriology.

MIC 102 Basic techniques in Microbiology 3 credits

Microscopes and Microscopy: light spectrum, resolving power and magnification power; microscopes: light and electron microscopes; Microscopy; bright-field, dark-field, fluorescence, phase-contrast, differential interference contrast, transmission electron, scanning electron, scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy; Observation of microorganisms under microscope: wet-mount and hanging-drop technique: preparation of microorganisms for staining; chemical properties of stains; mechanisms of staining; chemical positive and negative staining, simple, differential and special staining technique; Cultivation of microorganisms : nutritional requirements; physical and gaseous requirements; media used for cultivation microorganisms: chemically defined media, complex media, anaerobic growth media, selective and differential media; enriched culture; anaerobic culture method; pure culture techniques; Characterization of microorganisms : morphological characteristics; nutritional and cultural characteristics metabolic characteristics; antigenic characteristics pathogenic characteristics; genetic characteristics; Culture preservation : Techniques for long-term and short-term preservation of microbial culture; Measurement of growth : direct measurement of microbial growth; estimating bacterial number by indirect methods; Control of microbial growth : principles of microbial control; the rate of microbial death; the action of microbial control agents; conditions influencing microbial control; physical and chemical methods of microbial control.
Course Prerequisites: MIC 101/BTE 102

Suggested Readings:

1. G. Schlegel . General Microbiology –II
2. T.D. Brock et al. Biology of Microorganisms
3. M.J. Pelczar, Jr.; E.C.S. Chan & N.K. Krieg. Microbiology
4. G.J. Tortora et al. Microbiology : An Introduction
5. A.J. Salle . Fundamental Principles of Bacteriology

MIC 201 Microbial Chemistry 3 credits

Biomolecules and biopolymers : Properties and functions of the major and minor essential elements, water, carbohydrate, lipids, nucleic acids and proteins; Molecular architecture of microbial cells : chemical composition and function of cellular structures and organelles : capsule, flagella, pili, cell-wall, cytoplasmic membrane, pigments, ribosome, mitochondria, cytoplasmic inclusions and endospore; Antimicrobial agents : type, chemistry, mode of action, efficiency, and the antimicrobial resistance; study of penicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, nyastatin, gentamicin and griseofulvin; effectiveness of antimcrobial agents : assay of antibiotics by chemical methods.
Course Prerequisites: MIC 101/BTE 102, BCH101

Suggested Readings:

1. Gottschalk . Bacterial Metabolism.
2. A. H. Rose . Chemical Microbiology –
3. N.S Agorov. Antibiotics : a scientific approach.
4. A.L. Lehninger. Biochemistry.

MIC 202 Microbial Metabolism 3 credits

Introduction to metabolism: Important differences and relationships between anabolic and catabolic mechanisms in life; Cell bioenergetics energy production, ATP generation by different process, free energy, energy coupling; Membrane transport system: active. passive, facilitative and group translocation; Carbohydrate catabolism/Aerobic metabolism processes: the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway; tricarboxvlic acid cycle; electron transport chain; oxidative and substrate level phosphorylation; Alternate pathways of glucose catabolism: hexose monophosphate pathway: Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glyoxylate cycle, methyl-glyoxal bypass. Inter linkages of pathways. Anapleuretic reactions; Pathways for utilization of sugars other than glucose: starch, cellulose, maltose, sucrose, lactose, sorbitol & mannitol; Catabolic activities of aerobic heterotrophs: growth with organic acids (beta-oxidation), amino acids, aromatic compounds, aliphatic hydrocarbons and CI compounds; Anaerobic metabolic processes: fermentation of ethanol, acetate-butyrate, acetone-butanol, lactate and methane. Methane fermentation.
Course Prerequisites: MIC 101, BCH 101

Suggested Readings:

1. A.G. Moat & J.F. Foster. Microbial Physiology.
2. Gottschalk . Bacteril Metabolism .
3. M.J. Pelezar, Jr. ; E.C.S. Char & N.R. Krieg . Microbiology.
4. Lehninger. Principles of Biochemistry.

MIC 203 Environmental Microbiology 3 credits

Biological interactions: Microbial interaction within a single microbial populations, positive and negative interaction, interaction between diverse microbial population. neutralism. commensalisms, synergism, mutualism, competition. ammensalism, parasitism, predation; microbe-plant interaction and microbe animal interaction; Techniques for the study of environmental microbes : sample collection, sample processing, detection of microbial populations. determination of microbial numbers. Determination of microbial biomass, and measurement of microbial metabolism; Microbiology of potable water: introduction to indicator organisms, water borne pathogens, isolation and identification of indictor bacteria and water borne pathogens.; Sanitation and public health microbiology with special reference to Bangladesh : water supply, the use of safe water, public tube well coverage, sanitation, disposal of human excreta and refuse; Microorganisms and some novel pollution problem : persistence and biomagnification of xenobiotic molecules; recalcitrant halocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBS), alkyl benzyl sulfonates, synthetic polymer; Sewage treatment : primary secondary treatment acrobic and anaerobic and tertiary treatment.
Course Prerequisites: MIC 102

Books Recommended :

1. Microbial Ecology: Fundamentals and Applications R.M. – Atlas and Bartha
2. Microbial Ecology: A Conceptual Approach – J.M. Lynch and Poole
3. Microbiology – M.J. Pelezar, Jr.; E.C.S. Chan & N.R. Krieg
4. Microbiology: An Introduction – G.J. Tortora et al.
5. Microbial Ecology: Organisms, Habitats and Activities – Heinz & Stolph.

MIC 204 Medical Microbiology 3 credits

Infection and infectious diseases: Concept of infection and infectious diseases; pathogenesis of infectious diseases; virulence (ID 50, LD50); Brief introduction to virulence factors: Adherence factors; invasion of host cells and tissues; toxins; enzymes; intracellular pathogenesis; antigenic heterogeneity; iron acquisition; Identification of microbes that cause disease: Koch’s postulates and their limitations; Host-Microbe interaction : normal resident micro flora of human body and their role; initial colonization of a new born; introduction to resident flora of skin, mouth, upper-respiratory tract, intestinal tract, uro-genital tract, eye; Non-specific host defenses against microbial pathogen : primary defenses conferred by tissues and blood; Major reservoirs of microbial pathogens : acquisition of and mode of transmission of diseases; Epidemiology : study of infectious diseases in population; The progress of an infection : true and opportunistic pathogens; portal of entry; size of inoculums; stages in the courses of infections and diseases; mechanism of invasion and establishment of the pathogens; signs and symptoms of a disease; portal of exit; Nosocomial infection : hospital as a source; Brief introduction to the microbiology of major infectious diseases : skins : respiratory system ; nervous system : genito-urinary tract; gastro-intestinal tract; circulatory system.
Course Prerequisites:MIC 101, BCH 201

Suggested Readings:

1. Review of Medical Microbiology – E. Jawetz, J.L. Melnick & E.A. Adelberg
2. Essential Clinical Microbiology : An introductory Test – E.M. Cooke & G. L. Gibson.
3. Manual of Clinical Microbiology – H. Lennette
4. Modern Medical Microbiology – M.R. Chowdhury
5. Medical Microbiology- J.P. Duguld, B.P. Marimian & R.H.A. Swain.
6. Microbial Pathogenesis : A Molecular Approach – A. A. Salvers & D.D. Whitt.
7. Medical Microbiology – Mims, Playfair, Roitt, Wakelin & Williams.
8. Medical Microbiology – Robert F. Boyed & J. Joseph Marr.

MIC 301 Virology 3 credits

Introduction to virology: Brief history and development of virology; Nomenclature and classification of animal and plant viruses; Virus cultivation: cultivation quantification of plant, animal, and bacterial viruses, purification and identification of virus, one step growth curve, inclusion bodies; Virus replication: steps in virus replication, multiplication and gene expression of DNA and RNA viruses; Pathogenesis of viral diseases.; Bacteriophages: Overview of bacteriophages, genome organization and multiplication of RNA and DNA bacteriophages, temperate bacteriophages, lytic and lysogenic phage ; transposable phages; Prevention and treatment of viral infection: viral vaccines, interferons, induction and action of interferons, antiviral chemotherapy; Viriods and Proins: General properties and diseases caused by viriods and prions; Cell culture : primary, secondary and continuous animal cell cultures.
Course prerequisite: MIC 206, MIC 300

Suggested Readings:

1. Microbiology : Concepts and Application – M.J. Pelezar, Jr.; E.C.S. Chan & N.R. Krieg
2. Biology of Microorganisms – T.D. Brock et al.
3. Virology, 3rd ed. Volume –I and II – Fields
4. Fundamentals of Virology – Fields.

MIC 302 Food Microbiology 3 credits

Food and food borne microbes: Introduction to various types of food; food preparation and spoilage; food borne diseases; Factors affecting microbial growth in foods: Intrinsic and extrinsic parameters; Food preservations: General principles of food preservation; preservation by high temperature; low temperature; drying; using food additives; and radiation; Food spoilage and preservation: Cereal and cereal products; sugar and sugar products; vegetables and fruits; meat and meat products; fish and other sea-foods, poultry, milk and milk products; Canned foods; Preparation of fermented foods: Bakery products;
products; cheese; yogurt and curd; vegetables products; cabbage; cucumbers; oriental fermented foods.
Course prerequisite: MIC 202

Suggested Readings
:
1. Food Microbiology – W.C. Frazier & D.C. Westhoff
2. Modern Food Microbiology, 3rd edn. – James M. Jay

MIC 303 Agriculture Microbiology 3 credits

Major groups of microorganisms in soil: Bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, algae and virus; Role of microbes in soil fertility and plant nutrition: use of microbial metabolites as major nutrients the effect of growth regulators produced by microorganisms; the liberation of unavailable nutrients from soil organic matter and mineral; suppression of plant pathogens; the production of phytotoxic substances by saprophytes and parasites; the production of enzymes and competition of microorganisms with plants for essential nutrients; Biogeochemical cycling of nutrient elements: The carbon cycle; the hydrogen cycle; the oxygen cycle; the nitrogen cycle; the sulfur cycle; the phosphorus cycle; Microbial degradation of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin; Microbial biofertilizer and inoculation of techniques; Microbiological aspects of pesticides behavior in the environment: Purpose and types of uses of pesticides, pesticides in the microbial environment; pesticides in the soil and aquatic environment; effect of pesticides; persistence of pesticides; metabolism of pesticides by microorganism; Microbes as plant pathogens: the concept of diseases in plants, diagnosis and control of plant diseases.
Course prerequisite: MIC 203

Suggested Readings:

1. An Introduction to Soil Microbiology – M.Alexander
2. Soil Microorganisms – T.R.G. Gray & S.T. Williams
3. Soil Microorganisms and Plant Growth – N.S. Subba Rao.
4. Plant Microbiology – R. Campbell
5. Plant Diseases – R.S. Shing
6. Plant Pathology – Arios
7. Microbial Ecology: A Conceptual Approach – J. M. Lyncy & Poole
8. Biological Indicators of Soil Health – C.E. Pankhurs, B.M. Doube & ViV.S.R. Gupta
9. Pesticide Microbiology – I.R. Hill & S.J.L. Wright

MIC 304 Microbial Biotechnology 3 credits

Historical development of Microbilal Biotechnology- from ancient fermentation to modern microbial technology, scope and essential features of applied microbiology and Biotechnology; Microorganisms of industrial importance- yeasts, molds, bacteria and actinomycetes; Screening and selection of microorganisms for useful products, genetic manipulation of microorganisms for increased productivity; Kinetics of microbial growth and product formation; Microbiological production of foods, drinks, industrial chemicals and pharmaceuticals; major classes of microbial products and processes; Microbiological production of foods- SCP and MBP; baker’s yeast; food additives; Production of industrial chemicals, Detail of some fermentation processes- SCP, baker’s yeast, alcohol; Organic acids ;acetate; citrate; lactate and amino acids; Solvents; alcohol; butanol and acetone; Enzymes; Pharmaceuticals; Antibiotics; Steroids; Vaccines and Antibiotics; Immobilization of microbial cells and enzymes; Immobilized technology for production of industrially important chemicals; Role of microbes in dairy products formation.
Course prerequisite: MIC 202, BTE 207

Suggested Readings:

1. Miller & Lidsky. Industrial Microbiology
2. G. Reed.Prescott and Dunn’s Industrial Microbiology
3. H.J.Rehm, G.Reed & H.Pape.Biotechnology(Vol-1):Microbial FundamentalsIndustrial
4. J. Riviere Applications of Microbiology
5. Smith, J.E. Biotechnology Principles
6. Bu Lock, J. 1987 Basic Biotechnology
7. Primrose, Modern Biotechnology.
8. Fogerty, 1983. Microbial Enzymes and Biotechnology
9. Smith, J.E. Biotechnology Principles
10. Brown, C.M., Campbell, I. And Priest, F.G. Introduction to Biotechnology

MIC 306 Pharmaceutical Microbiology 3 credits

Ecology of microorganisms as it affect the pharmaceutical industry: Atmosphere, water, raw material personnel, etc; Sterilization methods: Heat, radiation, gases and filtration system; sterilization kinetics; Microbial spoilage, deterioration and preservation of pharmaceutical products: mixtures, suspension, syrups sterile products, cosmetics and toiletry products; Determination of potency/ concentration of antibiotics and antimicrobial preservatives in pharmaceuticals of antibiotics or products; Microbiological tests: test for sterility, MIC and MBC; pyrogen and pyrogen tests; Aseptic techniques: design and maintenance of an aseptic unit laboratory/ processing area; Production of immunological products: vaccines, immumosera and human globulins, and their quality control; Public health aspect of microbial contamination and infection of fish: fish quality assurance research methodology.
Course prerequisite: MIC 202

Suggested Readings:

1. Pharmaceutical Microbiology – W.B. Huge & A.D. Russel
2. Dispensing for Pharmaceutics, Students – Cooper & Gums
3. Preservatives in the Food, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Industries – R.G. Board, M.C. Allwood & J.G. Banks.
4. Essays in Applied Microbiology – J.R. Noris & M.H. Richmond

MIC 401 Microbial Genetic Engineering 3 credits

Purification of DNA : preparation of total cell DNA; preparation of plasmid DNA; preparation of bacteriophage DNA; Techniques of molecular genetics: production of recombinant DNA in vitro; amplification of recombinant DNA in cloning vector; construction of DNA, RNA and protein by blot techniques, amplification of DNA by PCR: in vitro sitespecific mutagenesis; DNA manipulative enzymes: restriction endonucleases and other nucleases; ligases; polymerases DNA modifying enzymes; topoisomerases; Cloning vectors: cloning vectors for prokaryotic organisms; bacteriophage M13, bacteriophage l plasmid pBR322, plsmid pBR325, pUC119, cosmids, phagemids, and charomid: cloning vectors for eukaryotic organisms: yeast episomal plasmid (2 um circle), cloning vectors for higher plants and mammalian cell; Ligation systems: bustend ligation; sicky-end ligation; putting sticky ends on to a blunt-ended molecule: homopolymer tailing, use of linkers and adaptors; Introduction of recombinant DNA into living cells: transformation of bacterial cells and selection of recombinants; introduction of phage DNA into bacterial cells and selection of recombinant phage; transformation of non-bacterial cells; Gene location and gene structure: locating the position of a cloned gene; chromosome walking; DNA sequencing; the Sanger-Coulson method and the Maxam-Gilbert method; restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis; Expression of cloned gene: requirements for gene expression: expression vectors; transcript of a cloned gene; regulation of gene expression; identifying and studying the translation product of cloned gene;
Course prerequisite: MIC 310

Suggested Readings:

1. Principle of Gene Manipulation – R.W. Old & Primrose.
2. Molecular Biology of the Gene – J. Watson
3. Genetic Engineering – Kingsman & Kingsman
4. Principles of Genetics – D.P. Snustad, M.J. Simmon & J.B. Jenkins
5. Gene Cloning: An Introduction – T.A. Brown
6. Molecular Cloning : A Laboratory Manual, 2nd Ed. – J. Sambrook & T. Maniatis
7. Principles of Gene manipulation: An Introduction – R.W. Old.
8. Current Protocol in Molecular Biology – J.A. Smith & K. Struhl.

MIC 402 Analytical Microbiology 3 credits

Spectroscopic techniques: Visible, ultraviolet and infrared spectrophotometers; spectrofluorimetry luminomery; NMR and mass spectrometry; Centrifugation techniques : principle of sedimentation; Centrifuges and their use; density gradient centrifugation and ultracetrifuge; Chromatographic techniques: principle of chromatography; column, thin-layer and paper chromatography adsorption, gas-liquid, ion-exchange, exclusion, affinity and high performance liquid chromatography; Electrophoretic techniques: principle, factors affecting electrophoresis, low and high voltave electrophresis; gel electrophoresis; preparative electrophoresis; Protein characterization: determination of molecular weight, amino acid composition and number of subunit; protein sequencing; Biosensor: principle, transducers; biocomponent of biosensor; application of enzyme-based, cell-based and organelle-based biosensors; affinity binding assay; biological reactant pairs; application of immunosensor and receptor-based sensor; Radioisotope techniques: nature, detection and measurement of radioactivity; application of radioisotopes in the biological sciences; safety aspects of the use of radioisotopes, Microarray, SELEX process
Course prerequisite: BCH301/MIC300

Suggested Readings
:
1. Protein Purification – Scopes
2. Comprehensive Biotechnology, vol. 2. – Murray Moo-Young.
3. A Biologists Guide to Principles and techniques of practical Biochemistry, 3rd Ed. – K. Wilson & K.H. Goulding.
4. An Introduction to Practical Biochemistry, 2nd Edn. – D.T. Plummer
5. Basic biochemical methods, 2nd Edn. –R.R. Alexander & J.M. Griffiths

MIC 403 Microbiological Quality Control of Food, Fish and Beverages 3 credits

Introduction: importance of quality control of food, fish, beverage and mineral water; The organization of quality control: the principles, application, organization, problems and techniques of quality control; the future of quality control; Microbiological quality control: principle and pitfalls; fundamentals of microbiological quality control; chemical and microbiological quality for quality assurance, standards monitoring to assess compliance with good practices; Sanitation and inspection: sanitation and hygiene of processing plant, water in processing and cleaning, waste/effluent treatment packaging, equipment, handling; Quality assurance: sampling, testing panel-sensory assessments in quality control; hazard analyses and critical control point(HACCP) systems; identification of potential hazards; monitoring system for critical control point (CCP), corrective actions, verification; Food laws and regulation: national and international standards and guidelines.
Course prerequisite: MIC 302, MIC 308

Suggested Readings:
1. Microbiology of Frozen Foods – R.K. Robinson
2. Food Microbiology, 4th edn. – W.C. Frazier
3. Food Microbiology – M.R. Adams & M.O. Moss
4. Manual for the isolation and identification of fish bacterial pathogens – G.N. Frerichs and S.D.
5. Miller Modern food microbiology, 3rd edn. – James Jay
6. Quality Control in the Food Industry vol. 1. – S.M. Herschdoerfer.

c. Elective Courses (12 Credits):

BCH 203 Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics credits (3 BTE 203) 3 Credits

Brief history, classification of enzymes; Enzyme assay, enzyme activity, units; Enzyme as biocatalysts, catalytic power, specificity and regulatory properties
Factors affecting enzyme reactions- pH, Temperature, Oxygen, Substrate concentration; Enzyme kinetics, Mono-substrate reactions: Michaelis- Menten equation and its linear transformations; Km and Vmax-definitions, determination, significance; Enzyme inhibition; Identification of functional group
essential for catalysis with biological examples; Factors affecting the efficiency of enzymes as catalysts- Specificity; ES complex; Enzyme regulation, allosteric enzymes, Monod and Koshland models; examples of regulatory enzymes- aspartate trans carbamylase; phosphorylase; pyruvate dehydrogenase; hexokinase; Mechanism of enzyme action.
Course prerequisite: BCH 101

Suggested Readings

1. Boyer, 1970, The Enzymes
2. Leninger, A.L. 1987, Biochemistry
3. Voet and Voet, 1991, Biochemistry

BTE 312 Computer Application in Biotechnology 3 credits

Introduction- Types of Computers (Mainframe, Mini, Micro0- Hardware, Software- Storage and Memory devices(RAM, ROM, Discs, Tapes etc. )I/O devices (Monitors, keyboards, Printers, Plotters etc.) Directory concepts- File operations; Operative system- Overview- Booting- DOS Files, DOS internal and external commands- file management (creating, editing, deleting and copying); Word Processing- Introduction to textfiles- Word Processors- Word Star package- File operation and utilities under WS.; Data Concepts; Database structure and dscription- Bibliographic and non-bibliographic- Biotechnology databases(Medlin, Agric, EMBL, Genebank, NBRF); Information Retrieval- Information Sources/ Search aids9 Directories, Dictioneries, Glossary; Search operations(Boolian, Keyword, String, sequences); Information access- Online, CD-ROM, NICNET, E-mail; Software- Demo of some PC based Educational Software packages in Genetic Engineering; Presentation of results in text/graphic mode- Harvard Graphics package; Staistical Concepts- Mean, Mode, Median, SD- Probabilty Correlation, Trends, Theorems. Permutation and combination- distributions- Line, bar, pie, sigma plot and Harvard Graphics software package;
Analysis of Biotechnological data in Agro base 4 and preparation of similarity indices, dendograms using NT
SYS; Analysis of robustness of clusters using WINBOOT; DNA sequence data management; Database and homology search of DNA and protein sequences; Labeling amtorads and Polaroid photographs using Microsoft Excel and presentation of nucleic acid sequences using power point; Scanning od DNA, Protein and Isozyme profiles using computers and scanners; Retrieving information using INTERNET and CD-ROM.
Course prerequisite: CSE 101

Suggested Readings

1. Lesk, M. 2002 Introduction to Bioinformatics
2. Brown, T.A. Gene Cloning and DNA Analysis
3. Rehm H-J and Reed, G Genomics and Bioinformatics. 2nd Edition. Vol 5b
4. Grfith H.G. Griffin, A.M. DNA Sequencin Protocols

BTE 313 Biomass and Bio-fuel 3 credits

Introduction: Importance of fuel energy; Fuels from nature Basic bioenergy interconversion; Formation of biomass & its conversion to fuel; Potential Biomass for Fuel Production: Types of natural biomasses; Land crops aquatic plants & waste materials; Production of desirable biomass, Advantages & problems in utilization of biomass for fuel generation, Pretreatment of biomass for fuel production; Bioconversion of Biomass to Methane: Biomass composition & methane production; Synthesis of methane under natural conditions Potential microbes involved in methane generation, Man-made processes; Methane form sanitary landfills sewage farm industrial wastes & energy crops; Reactor design; Utilization of the methane as fuel; Production of Fuel Ethanol from Biomass: Potential biomass and microorganisms for ethanol production; Problems in production of ethanol from agro-industrial wastes; Development of technology of fermentation; Ethanol production from molasses by yeast; Ethanol production from cellulose by rumen bacteria; Ethanol production by Zymomonas mobilis; Future prospects of the industrial alcohol; Production of Hydrogen from Biomass: Potential substrates and microorganisms; Natural biosynthesis of hydrogen under natural habitats; Cell-free system and combined system for production of hydrogen.
Course prerequisite: BTE 304/MIC203

Suggested Readings:

1. Food Feed and Fuel from Biomass – Chahal D.S.
2. Biotechnology: Principles and Applications – Higgins I.J., Best D.J. & Jones J.

BTE 317 Biostatistics 3 credits

Definition, uses, limitation and scope; Role statistics in research and experiment; Sampling techniques- Basic statistical principles and terminology- Population and parameters, Samples; Variables; Distribution; Statistical concepts relating to interpretation and decision; Descriptive statistics- Estimation of uncertainties; Calculation of mean, variance and standard deviation; Standard deviation of the mean; Confidence limit of the mean; Test of significance-Measurement of data- t test in paired and non-paired experiments; Selection of apprpriate method for calculating t; Confidence limit of a difference between means; Analysis of variance- Single characterization data; Analysis of variance- Single classification data with subgroups, Multiple classification data; Ducan’s multiple range test; Least significance difference test; Relationship between t and f test; Test of significance- Chi square test-1xn table, 2xn table; Use of chi square with occurrence and non-occurrence data; chi square analysis of 2x2 or four fold table; Alternate methods of calculating chi square; Tests of significance when cell frequencies are small; Statistical methods based on binomials; Relationship between variables- Correlation;Linear regression; Least square regression line; Test of linearity of a regression; Confidence limit of regression coefficient; Dosage response data- Estimation of 50% end point; Graphical approximation of ED50 value; Estimation of relative frequency.
Course prerequisite: STA 201

Suggested Readings

1. Daniel, W.W. Biostatistics- A Foundation for Analysis. John Wiley and Sons
2. Zaman, S.H. Simple Lesson from Biometry
3. Jalil, M.A. Ferdous, . Basic Statistics- Methods and Applications
4. Mian, M.A. Miyan, A. Introduction to Statistics
5. Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G. Staistical Methods

BTE 403 DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Diagnostics 3 credits

Introduction- Basic genetic principle; Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTRs)/ Minisattellite sequences; Short Tandem Repeats (STRs)/ Microsattellite sequences; Hybridization based DNA fingerprinting (RFLP)- Radioactive method, Fluorescent method, Chemiluminescent method; PCR-based DNA fingerprinting; Single locus and multi-locus DNA fingerprinting; Isolation of DNA from whole blood, soft tissues, semen stains and swabs, bones, plant material; Polymorphism: Polymorphism of some genetic locus in relation to disease (HLA, Apo and ACE gene);Applications of DNA fingerprinting; Criminal investigation (personal identification); Immigration; Paternity dispute; Identification of missing children, bodies found in plane crash, road accidents etc.; Varietal identification of plants
Molecular Dignostics-Diagnosis of Cystic fibrosis by multiplex PCR; Clinical implications: Abnormal mucus clearance from the respiratory tract with frequent infections, pancreatic insufficiency, abnormal salt transport, infertility in males.; Detection of b-Thalassemia mutation using ARMS-PCR; Clinical implications: Anemia (red cell deficiency); Detection of Fragile X syndrome by FMR-1 gene trinucleotide repeat analysis; Clinical implications: Mental retardation, long faces, large ear, prominent jaws, post-pubertal macroorchidism.; Detection of Philadelphia chromosome [BCL-ABL t(9:22) translocation] by genomic southern hybridization; Clinical implications: Acute leukemia (ALL) and Chronic myelogenous leukemia(CML); Bone marrow engraftment: DNA analysis to distinguish patient and donor cells as different using hypervariable tandem repeat polymorphic DNA markers; Identification of bacterial species based on the sequences of their 16S ribosomal RNA genes; DNA Microarrays/ DNA Chips/Gene Chips- Basic concept; Design of a DNA Microarray; Applications of DNA Microarray technology : Disease diagnosis, Drug discovery etc.
Course prerequisite: BTE 307/MIC310

Suggested Readings

1. Micklos, Davod A. and Freyer , Greg A. 1990. DNA Science, Cold Spring harbor Laboratory Press and Carolina Biological Supply company.

BUS 101 Introduction to Business 3 credits

Basic principles and practices of contemporary business and its history; Forms of business organization and ownership; Environment of an enterprise ; Organizing and managing the enterprise; Management of: HR, market productions and operations, finance; discuss a broad range of business situations where analysis and decision-making are required. Management tools and information systems; International and globalization; External environments of business; Future outlooks of business and business ethics.
CHE 101 Introduction to Chemistry 3 credits

The course is designed to give an understanding of basics in chemistry. Topics include nature of atoms and molecules; valence and periodic tables, chemical bonds, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, optical isomerism, chemical reactions.

Recommended Books:

1. Introduction to Modern Inorganic Chemistry: S. Z. Haider
2. Physical Chemistry: Haque & Nawab
3. Organic Chemistry: R. T. Morrison & R. N. Boyd
4. General Chemistry: Raymond Chang

CSE 101 Introduction to Computer Science 3 credits

Introduction to the use of computer hardware and software as tools for solving problems. Automated input devices and output methods (including pre-printed stationery and turnaround documents) as part of the solution. Using personal computers as effective problem solving tools for the present and the future. Theory behind solving problems using common application software including word processing, spreadsheets, database management, and electronic communications. Problem solving using the Internet and the World Wide Web. Programming principles and use of macros to support the understanding of application software. The course includes a compulsory 3 hour laboratory work each week.

Recommended Books:

1. Computer Science – A modern introduction: Goldschlager and Lister
2. Fundamentals of Computers: V Rajaraman
3. Work Out Computer Studies GCSE (Macmillan Work Out S.): Graham Taylor

CSE 110 Programming Language 3 credits

An introduction to the foundations of computation and purpose of mechanised computation, techniques of problem analysis and the development of algorithms and programs, principles of structured programming and corresponding algorithm design, Topics will include data structures, abstraction, recursion, iteration as well as the design and analysis of basic algorithms, (language C is primarily used), introduction to digital computers and programming algorithms and flow chart construction, information representation in digital computers, writing, debugging and running programs (including file handling) on various digital computers using C. Prerequisite CSE 101

Recommended Books:

1. Working with C: Y Kanetkar
Schaums Outline of Theory and Problems of Programming With C: Byron S. Gottfried

DEV 101 Bangladesh Studies 3 credits

Socio-economic profile of Bangladesh, agriculture, industry, service sector, demographic patterns, social aid and physical infrastructures. Social stratification and power, power structures, government and NGO activities in socio-economic development, national issues and policies and changing society of Bangladesh.

Recommended Books:

1. Bangladesh: National Cultures and Heritage: An Introductory Reader: A.F. Salahuddin Ahmed & Bazlul Mobin Chowdhury
2. The History of Bengal (Vol.1 &Vol.2) : R.C. Majumdar
3. Banglapedia, 2003: Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
4. Bangladesh Arthaniti: Khan, Md. Shamsul Kabir
5. Bangladesh on the Threshold of the Twenty-First Century, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, 2002: A.M Chowdhury and Fakrul Alam
6. Poverty Reduction & Strategy: What, Why & for Whom in Asit Biswas et.al.(ed) Contemporary Issues in Development : M.M Akash
7. Bangladesh 2020: A long-run perspectives study: The World Bank

ECO 103 Principles of Economics 3 credits

A study of the fundamentals of micro and macroeconomics, nature and method of economics, individual markets, demand and supply, elasticity of demand and supply. Production and cost, market structures with special focus on perfect competition and monopoly, economic efficiency and market failure, determination of national income. The aggregate supply model, unemployment, inflation, unemployment-inflation trade-off, government budget and fiscal policy, money creation and monetary policy, business cycles, economic growth, theory of comparative advantage, free trade versus protection, balance of payments and exchange rate policies.

Recommended Books:

Economics: John Solman
Principles of Macroeconomics: Robert H Frank
Modern Economic Theory: K.K. Dewett
International Economics: Appleyard & Field

ENG 091 Foundation Course (non-credit)

The English Foundation Course is designed to enable students to develop their competence in reading, writing, speaking, listening and grammar for academic purposes. The students will be encouraged to acquire skills and strategies for using language appropriately and effectively in various situations. The approach at all times will be communicative and interactive involving individual, pair and group work.

Recommended Books:
1. J. C. Richards, J. Hull, and S. Proctor, “New Interchange: Student 's Book 3-A”, Cambridge University Press, 2002
2. J. Nadel, B. Johnson, and P. Langan, “Vocabulary Basics”, Townsend Press, 1998.
3. A. Hogue, “First steps in Academic Writing”, Longman, 1996
4. K. Blanchard, C. Root, “Get Ready to Write”, Longman, 1998.

ENG 101 English Fundamentals 3 credits

Developing basic writing skills: mechanics, spelling, syntax, usage, grammar review, sentence and essay writing.

Recommended Books:
1. Fundamentals of English: Jack C. Richards

ENG 102 Composition I 3 credits

The main focus of this course is writing. The course attempts to enhance students’ writing abilities through diverse writing skills and techniques. Students will be introduced to aspects of expository writing: personalized/ subjective and analytical/persuasive. In the first category, students will write essays expressing their subjective viewpoints. In the second category students will analyze issues objectively, sticking firmly to factual details. This course seeks also to develop students’ analytical abilities so that they are able to produce works that are critical and thought provoking.

Recommended Books:

1. Composition I: The Pearl; John Steinbeck

ENV 101 Introduction to Environmental Science 3 credits

Fundamental concepts and scope of environmental science, Earth’s atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere, men and nature, technology and population, ecological concepts and ecosystems, environmental quality and management, agriculture, water resources, fisheries, forestry and wildlife, energy and mineral energy sources; renewable and non renewable resources, environmental degradation; pollution and waste management, environmental impact analysis, remote sensing & environmental monitoring.

Recommended Books:

1. Something New Under the Sun: An Environmental History of the Twentieth-Century World: J. R. McNeil & Paul Kennedy
Principles of Ecology: R Brewer
3. Fundamentals of Ecology: E. P. Odum

HUM 101 World Civilization and Culture 3 credits

A brief view of the major civilizations and cultural aspects in different continents covering ancient, medieval and modern civilizations. Topics include renaissance, reformation, and the beginning of the modern world, scientific revolution, industrial revolution, the age of democratic revolutions, nineteenth century Europe, Asia-Pacific Region, Africa, World Wars, South Asia: colonization, decolonization and after; contemporary world: Cold War and after.

Recommended Books:

World Civilization: Bums & others
Civilization: T Walter Walbank and others
A History of World Civilization: J. E. Swain
Western Civilization: Robert E. Lerner & Standish Meachem

HUM 102 Introduction to Philosophy 3 credits

Philosophy: Concept of philosophy; science and philosophy; religion, literature and philosophy; sources of knowledge: empiricism, rationalism and criticism; concepts of value, ethics and sources of ethical standards.

Recommended Books:

1. A Modern Introduction to Philosophy: P Edwards and A. Pap
2. Philosophy: R. J. Hirst
3. Introduction to Modern Philosophy: C.E.M. Joad
4. An Introduction to Philosophical Analysis: J. Hospers
5. An Outline of Philosophy: A. Matin
6. Introduction of Philosophy: T. W. Patrick

HUM 103 Ethics and Culture 3 credits

This course introduces the students to principles and concepts of ethics and their application to our personal life. It establishes a basic understanding of social responsibility, relationship with social and cultural aspects, and eventually requires each student to develop a framework for making ethical decision in his work. Students learn a systematic approach to moral reasoning. It focuses on problems associated with moral conflicts, justice, the relationship between rightness and goodness, objective vs. subjective, moral judgment, moral truth and relativism. It also examines personal ethical perspectives as well as social cultural norms and values in relation to their use in our society. Topics include: truth telling and fairness, objectivity vs. subjectivity, privacy, confidentiality, bias, economic pressures and social responsibility, controversial and morally offensive content, exploitation, manipulation, special considerations (i.e. juveniles, courts) and professional and ethical work issues and decisions. On conclusion of the course, the students will be able to identify and discuss professional and ethical concerns, use moral reasoning skills to examine, analyze and resolve ethical dilemmas and distinguish differences and similarities among legal, ethical and moral perspectives.

Recommended Books:

1. Ethics, Culture and Psychiatry - International Perspectives: Ahmed Okasha, Julio Arboleda
2. Ethics and HRD: A New Approach to Leading Responsible Organizations: Tim Hatcher
3. The Ethical Challenge: How to Lead with Unyielding Integrity: Noel M. Tichy and Andrew R.
4. Dignity of Difference: How to Avoid the Clash of Civilizations: Jonathan Sacks
5. Culture and Ethics: Michel Labour, Charles Juwah, Nancy White and Sarah Tolley
6. Culture Matters: How Values Shape Human Progress: Samuel P. Huntington

HUM 111 History of Science 3 credits

This course will present a general overview of the development of scientific knowledge from ancient to modern times. It will examine how our modern scientific worldview developed over the ages in the fields of astronomy, physics, biology, chemistry, medicine, geology and other science disciplines. Focus will be on significant discoveries, the major scientists responsible for these revolutions, and the interrelation between science and society over the centuries. The course will contain the following:
Science & philosophy, development of science in the ancient times, Greek & Egyptian science, science in the Orient, medieval science, science in the Islamic world, Western renaissance & industrialization, evolutionary theory, science in the modern ages. Science & religion, nature of scientific truth, validation of scientific theories.

Recommended Books:

1. Reader’s Guide to the History of Science: A. Hessenbruch
2. Scientific Laws, Principles, and Theories: a Reference Guide: Robert E Krebs
3. The History of Science: an Annotated Bibliography: G Miller
A Guide to the History of Science: a First Guide for the Study of the History of Science, with Introductory Essays on Science and Tradition: G. Sarton
5. Knowledge & the World: Challenges Beyond the Science Wars: M. Cavrier, J. Roggenhofer, G. Kuppers & P. Blanclard
6. The Forgotten Revolution: How Science was Born in 300 BC and Why It Had to be Reborn: Lucio Russo
7. Hitler’s Scientists: Science, War and the Devil’s Fact: J. Cornwell

MAT 101 Fundamentals of Mathematics 3 credits

Basic techniques of algebra, analytical geometry, graphing, and trigonometry.
Prerequisites : None

MGT 211 Principles of Management 3 credits

Meaning and importance of management, evolution of management thoughts; managerial decision making; Environmental impact, corporate social responsibility, planning, setting objectives, implementing plans, organizing; organization design, managing change, directing, motivation, leadership, managing work groups, controlling: principles, process and problems and managers in changing environment.

Recommended Books:

1. Management: Stephen P. Robbins and Mary Coulter
2. Management: James A. F. Stoner, Edward R. Freeman & Daniel R. Gilbert

MIC 307 Microbiology of Frozen Food and Fish 3 credits

Normal flora of fish: Factors affecting types and load of micro flora on freshly caught fish; ine; Contamination and spoilage of fish and frozen fish: factors affecting kind and rate of spoilage; microbial spoilage; chemical spoilage; autolytical spoilage. Control of spoilage; Isolation and identification of fish bacterial pathogens; Effects of freezing/thawing on foods: basic concepts of freezing and thawing; influence of frozen temperature and time on foods, thawing methods; Freezing preservation: Influence on food quality, physical and chemical reactions during freezer storage; Microbiology of frozen meat and meat products: Effect of freezing on microorganisms; structure and composition of meat; freezing temperature and changes induced by freezing of meat; spoilage micro flora; Microbiology of frozen fish and related products: freezing of fish; effects of freezing on fish microorganisms; chill storage and freezing on microbial growth and survival; Microbiology of frozen dairy products: Microbiology of raw and frozen milk; microbial types and load on butter, ice cream ad frozen cheese.
Course prerequisite: MIC 302/BTE309

Suggested Readings:

1. M.R. Adams & M.O. Moss. Food Microbiology.
2. G.N. Frerichs and S.D Manual for the isolation and identification of fish bacterial pathogens..
3. Miller Modern food microbiology, 3rd edn. – James Jay

MIC 308 Fermentation Technology 3 credits

Introduction to fermentation processes: range of fermentation processes; chronological development of the fermentation industry; component parts of fermentation process; Fermetor/bioreactor: types, configuration, mixing and aeration; power requirements, impeller designs baffle and aeration; Inoculum preparation and inoculum development: development of inoculum for yeast processes; development of inocula for bacterial processes; development of inocula for fungal processes; Fermentation modeling: rate eaquations for cell growth, substrate utilization, product formation; transfer across phase boundaries; Mode of fermentations: fed-batch and continuous culture processes and their control; Sterilization of fermenters and liquid media: medium sterilization; the desing of batch sterilization processes; the design of batch sterilization processes; the design of continuous sterilization of feed and air; Instrumentation and control: control systems: manual, automatic, and combinations of methods of control; methods of control of process variables like temperature, pH, flow measurement, pressure measurement, pressure control, safety valves, agitation-shaft power, stirring rate, foam sensing and control weight, measurement and control of dissolved oxygen; exit-gas and analysis; redox, and carbon dioxide electrodes.
Course prerequisite: MIC 202

Suggested Readings:

1. B. McNeil Harvey Fermentation: A Practical Approach. IRL Press Oxford
2. P.F. Stanbury & A. Whitaker . Principle of Fermentation Technology

MIC 309 Immuno-pathology and Vaccine Development 3 credits

Inactivation and activation of biologically active molecules: Mechanism of antibody mediated inactivation and activation (hormone, receptor, ligand); neutralizing antibodies - cause and effect, Protective functions of inactivation Antibodies; Cytotoxic and cytolytic reaction: Mechanism of cytolytic reactions; Immuno-haematologic disease; erythrocyte, leukocyte, platelets; Detection of circulating cytotoxic antibodies, Protective and pathologic effects in infections diseases; Granulomatous reactions: Nature of ganulomatous reactions; Granulomatous disease; Infectious diseases-bacterial and parasitic; Inflammation: Nonimmune and immune inflammation, Immune specific protection against infections, Interaction of immune mechanism in infectious disease; Evasion of immune defense mechanism; Antibody engineering: Antibody gene cloning; Recombinant antibody gene expression; Applications of engineered antibodies; Vaccination: Designing of vaccines, attenuated vaccine, conjugate vaccine, subunit vaccine, DNA based and other vaccines; Vaccine Strategy: Experimental vaccines for botulism, anthrax, malaria, pneumonia, cholera, typhoid, hepatitis and tumors.
Course prerequisite: BCH301

Books Recommended:

1. Immunology: Immunopathology and Immunity – Sell S. ASM Press, USA
2. Bacterial Pathogenesis: A molecular Approach – Salyers A.A & Whitt D.D., ASM Press, USA.
3. Molecular Immunology – Hames B.D. & Glover D.M., IRL Press, USA.
4. Immunology Today: Elsevier Trends Journals, UK

MIC 404 Molecular Virology and Oncology 3 Credits

Persistence of Viruses: Patterns of virus infections; Mechanisms of viral persistence; Persistence of HSV EPV & HIV in humans; Viruses of Special Interest: Dengue and Japanese encephalitis virus; Ebola virus infection; Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) & SARS corona virus; Other important viruses of recent epidemics; Virus Evolution & Emerging Viruses: How do viruses evolve? Emerging viruses; Emergence of dengue virus infection in Bangladesh; Oncology: Introduction & general terminology of oncology; Cancer: Development of cancer; Spread of cancer; Molecular mechanisms of transformation by DNA and RNA viruses; Physical & chemical factors contribute to cancer development; Cancer therapy.
Course prerequisite: MIC 301, BTE 207

Suggested Readings:

1. Virology – Fields
2. Principles of Virology – Filed
3. Scientific American, September 1996.

MIC 405 Drinking Water microbiology 3 credits

Water and Health- Sources of water- Surface, ground, marine, recycled; Drinking water- Treatment and Distribution; Waste Water- Collection, Treatment and discharge; Quality of human drinking water ;Microbes in human and domestic waste water ;Microbes as a part of freshwater and marine ecology- Distribution of microorganisms in the aquatic environment – Planktons, benthic microbes, mixed flora; Microorganisms common to different aquatic habitats ; Eutrophication - Great Lakes ; Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) ; Oligotrophication: microbial growth is suppressed; Acid rain algae and bacteria don't grow ,nutrients not returned ; Drinking water quality - faecal contamination - Salmonella, Vibrio, Shigella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus; Eschericia coli, lactose-fermenting coliform ; E. coli O157:H7 ; Ways to look for coliform in water; Qualitative and quantitative measurements of microbes in water; Total Coliform and Total fecal coliform count, Indicator organisms -Most Probable Number (MPN) -membrane filter analysis ;Quality to ensure safe drinking water- Sources of contamination of community water supply and other water reservoirs used for drinking water; Recommendations of WHO and other organization on safe drinking water; Water treatment before supplying for the community- Physical, chemical and biological aspects. Waterborne diseases-Amoebic dysentery; Entamoeba histolytica ; Cryptosporidiosis ; Giardiasis (Beaver fever) ;Water treatment - Flocculation: large particles settle out; filtration: sand, activated charcoal traps protozoan cysts ; Chlorination/ozone/u.v. kills bacteria, but can be toxic ;Household waste water (sewage) treatment-- primary and secondary sludge fermented anaerobically - lagoon system: settling of primary sludge; some aerobic digestion of effluent (oxidation pond) - septic tank: primary treatment system; effluent trickles out into the field ; Water and Human and Ecosystem Health.
Course prerequisite: MIC 203

Suggested Readings
1. Cliver, D.O., Newman, R.A., Pickford, R.D. and Berger, S. 1984. Drinking Water Microbiology. USEPA Publication, Washington
2. Mitchel, R. 1974. Water Pollution Microbiology. John Wiley and Sons.
3. Ford, T.E. 1996. A Global decline in Microbiological Quality of Water. American Academy of Sciences, Washington

MIC 406 Medical and Diagnostic Microbiology 3 credits

Laboratory diagnoses of infections agents: different types of and approaches to clinical sample collection, maintenance and laboratory management; Diagnostic studies: principles of diagnoses of bacterial, fungal, rickettsial, parasites, spirochetal, viral and mycoplasmal diseases; Diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases; Immunodiagnostic studies: collection of serum; antibody titer (such as ASO, Widal); agglutination, double diffusion; counter immuno-electrophoresis and immuno-fluorescence; complement fixation test; fluorescent antibody test (FAT and IFA); radio immunoassay (RIA); enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Polymerase chain reaction (PCR): detection of genes for toxins and virulenc; Vaccine approaches and immunization.
Course prerequisite: BCH 301; MIC 300

Suggested Readings:

1. David H. Persing, Thomas, F. Smith-Fred & Teaver T.J. Wite.
Diagnostic Molecular Microbiology: Principle and Applications
2 –Hand Book of Serodiagnosis in Infections Diseases
A Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests – Frances Fischbach
2. Diagnostic immunology Laboratory Manual – Ronald, J. Harbeck & Petricia C. Giclas.

MIC 407 Bacterial Pathogenesis and Molecular Epidemiology 3 credits

Pathogenesis with Special Reference to Molecular Basis: Shigellosis; Cholera; Bacterial ulcer in human; Meningitis and epiglottis; Botulism; Gas gangrene, Anthrax; Toxic shock syndrome; Plague, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Haemophilus influenzae, Listeria monocytogense; Bacterial Resistance to Antibiotics: Mechanism of antibiotic resistance; Antibiotic tolerance; Transfer of resistance genes; Infection Control & Prevention: Epidemic versus endemic; Steps in epidemiologic evaluation; Role of the laboratory in epidemiologic evaluation; Potential problems related to laboratory activities in epidemiologic investigations; Epidemiologic Analysis: Criteria for evaluating typing system; Phenotypic techniques biotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, serotyping, bacteriophage typing, MLEE; Genotypic techniques; plasmid analysis, REA of chromosomal DNA. Southern blot analysis of RFLPs, PFGE of chromosomal DNA, typing system applying PCR, PCR-based detection of restriction sites, & nucleotide sequence analysis; Molecular typing of specific organisms; Application of microbial typing system; Implementing a molecular epidemiology laboratory.
Course prerequisite: MIC 204; BTE 207

Suggested Readings:

1. Bacterial Pathogenesis: A Molecular Approach – Salyers A.A.. & Whitt D.D.
2. Medical microbiology – Baron S.
3. Medical Microbiology – Mims & Playfair
4. Principles of Bacterial Pathogenesis – Groisman E.
5. Virulence Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogenes – Brogden K.A. et al.
6. Mechanism of Microbial Diseases Schaechter M & Engelberg N.C.
7. Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 7th ed. – Murray P.R., Baron E.J., Pfaller M.A.
3. Tenover F.C. & Yolken R.H.

MIC 408 Extremophiles 3 credits

Extreme Environment: Microbial adaptations to extreme environments; Extreme environment as a resource for novel microorganisms; Biodiversity: Biodiversity at the molecular level: the domains kingdoms and phyla of life, Microbiological perspective; The primary divisions of life; domain archaea; domain bacteria, domain eukarya; Microbial diversity; The Archaea: Phylogenetic overview; Kingdom Euryarchaca; Kingdom Crenarchaea; Hyperthermophilic archaea and microbial evolution; Different Types of Extemophiles: The extreme thermophiles; The extreme acidophiles; The extreme alkalophiles; The extreme halophiles; The extreme barophiles; Cultivation of Extremophillic Microorganisms: Various strategies applied for cultivation of extremophiles; Extremozymes: Biocatalysts under extreme conditions; Extremophiles as a source of novel enzymes for industrial application; Screening strategies for novel enzymes; Heat-stable amylase and glucomylase; Thermostable cellulases; Thermostable xylanases; DNA processing enzymes in PCR. High temperature reverse transcription; Thermostable DNA ligase; Other thermoactive enzymes of biotechnological interest; Thermostable glucose isomerases; Thermostable alcohol dehydrogenases; Biochemical basis of heat stability.
Course prerequisite: MIC 203, BTE 304

Suggested Readings:

1. Microbiology of Extreme environments – Edward C.
2. Microbial Growth and Survival in the Extreme Environments – Brock T.D.
3. Microbial Life in Extreme Environments - Kushner D.J.
4. Biotechnology: A Multi-Volume Comprehensive Treatieses, vol. 10 (Special Processes). Rehm H & Reed G.
5. Biology of Microorganisms – Brock T.D.
6. Microbes in Action: Concept and Application in Microbial Ecology – Lynch J.M. & Hobble J. E.
7. Biodiversity: Measurement and Estimation. – Hawksworth D.L.

PHY 101 Introduction to Physics 3 credits

The course is designed to give an understanding of basics in physics. Topics include Vector; Motion; Force; Energy; Pressure; Heat and temperature; Mechanics; Forces; Gravitation; Sound, Light, Electricity and Magnetism; Atomic and Nuclear Physics. Basics of Astronomy. 3 credits, Prerequisites : None

POL 103 Introduction to Political Science 3 Credits

A study of political systems and process with special reference to Bangladesh. Topics include nature and origin of state, sovereignty of state, forms of political units, liberty, law, process of politics, political structure, political ideas- democracy, socialism, nationalism, peoples’ behavior in politics. Political system, process and problems of Bangladesh.

Recommended Books:

1. A History of Political Thought: Plato to Marx: Subrata Mukherjee & Sushila Ramaswamy
2. An Introduction to Political Science: Rand Dyck
A Social Political History of Bengal and the Birth of Bangladesh: Kamruddin Ahmed
4. Radical Politics and the Emergence of Bangladesh: Talukder Manizzaman
5. India and Pakistan: A Political Analysis: Hugh Tinker
6. Politics and Policy Making in Developing Countries: Perspective on the New Political Economy: Gerald M. Meier
7. Political Culture, Political Parties and Democratic Transition in Bangladesh: Shamsul I. Khan, S. Aminul Islam & Imdadul Haque
8. Involvement in Bangladesh’s Struggle for Freedom: T. Hossain
9. History of Bangladesh 1704-1971: Political History: Sirajul Islam
10. Conflict and Compromise: An Introduction to Political Science: H.R. Winter

PSY 101 Introduction to Psychology 3 Credits

The objective of this course is to provide knowledge about the basic concepts and principles of psychology pertaining to real-life problems. The course will familiarize students with the fundamental process that occur within organism-biological basis of behaviour, perception, motivation, emotion, learning, memory and forgetting and also to the social perspective-social perception and social forces that act upon the individual.

Recommended Books:

Introduction to Psychology: C.T. Morgan
Introduction to Psychology: R.F. Crider
Understanding Psychology: Robert Feldman

SOC 101 Introduction to Sociology 3 credits

Perspectives on society, culture, and social interaction, Topics include community, class, ethnicity, family, sex roles, and deviance. Social problems and sociological problems. Problems, theories, and the nature of sociological explanation. Explanation, evidence and objectivity. Sociology as a comparative study of social action and social systems. Some models of sociological thinking as applied to the study of the following: aspects of social ranking; forms of interpersonal and personal relationships; the changing nature of the relationship between economy and society; the sociology of development; the origins and spread of capitalism and socialism; ideology and belief systems; religion and society; rationality and non-rationality; conformity and deviance.

Recommended Books:

1. Sociology: Anthony Giddens
2. Sociology: Richard T. Schaefer
3. Sociology: Rao and C.N. Shankar
4. Sociology: Neil J. Smelser

SOC 401 Gender and Development 3 credits

Position & role of women in society, contemporary issues, analysis of various aspects of gender relations, gender discrimination, societal attitude, different forms of feminism, women in higher education, employment of women & discrimination, workplace harassment, contribution of women in development: world picture I position in Bangladesh. Prerequisite SOC 101

Recommended Books:

1. Women and Social Security: Progress Towards Equality of Treatment, 1990 Geneva International Labor Office: Anne- Marie Brocas, Anne-Marie Cailloux and Virgine Oget.
2. Impact of Women in Development Projects on Women Status and Fertility in Bangladesh, 1993, Dhaka, Development Researchers and Associates: M. Kabir, Rokeya Khatun, Ishrat Ahmed.
3. Integration of Women in Development: Why, When and How: Ester Boseup, Cristine Liljencrantz.
4. Women in the Third World: Gender Issue in Rural and Urban areas: Hants
5. Women, Man and Society: The Sociology of Gender: Allyn and Bacon, Claire M Renzetti, Daniel J Curran.
6. Race, Ethnicity, Gender and Class: the Sociology of Group Conflict and Change, London: Joseph F Healey

STA 201 Elements of Statistics and Probability 3 credits

Frequency distribution, mean, median, mode and other measures of central tendency, standard deviation and other measures of dispersion, measure of skewness and Whisker-Box plot, correlation and regression analysis, elementary probability theory, conditional and joint probability, Bayes’ theorem, discrete probability distributions, binomial, hypergeometric, Poisson, geometric and negative binomial distributions, continuous probability distributions, normal and exponential distributions, sampling distributions for relevant statistics (Normal, t, chi-square, and F distributions), central limit theorem, confidence intervals and hypothesis testing for parameter (mean and proportion) .

Recommended Books:

1. Probability and Random Processes: G.R. Grimmett and D.R. Stirzaker
2. Elementary Probability Theory with Stochastic Processes: K.L. Chung

(b) Practical Courses
6 Credits

MIC 105 Microbiol Lab I

Microscopy-Use & function of microscopes, Observation of stained cell preparations, Observation of living bacterial cells, Observation of living yeasts & molds,Micrometry : measurement of microbial cell; Bacterial staining-Simple staining & negative staining., Gram staining, Acid-fast staining, Capsule staining, Spore staining, Flagella staining; Cultivation techniques-Media preparation & sterilization techniques, Culture transfer techniques, Techniques for isolation of pure cultures, Techniques for preservation and maintenance of pure cultures, Observation of cultural characteristics of bacteria on various media, Observation of cultural characteristics of yeast on various media; Determination of biomolecules-Preparation of different lab solutions (molar, molal, normal and buffers);Determination of citric acid by titrimetric method; Determination of antibiotic agents; Determinations protein; Determinations reducing sugar; Detection of cytoplasmic inclusions (PHB and volutin)

MIC 205 Microbiol Lab II

Growth measurement-Techniques of pipetting and dilution; Determination of quantitative viable cells by serial dilution technique (Spread plate & pour plate) and making a growth curve. Techniques of enumeration of microorganisms : improved Neubaur counting chamber and Miles and Misra technique. Turbidimetric estimation of bacterial growth; Environmental influences-Effect of temperature on growth, Effect of heat on vegetative cells and spores of bacteria and on spores of yeast and mold, Effect of osmotic pressure on growth, Effects of pH, energy and buffer on growth; Metabolic activities of microorganisms- Starch, lipid, casein & gelatin hydrolysis test, Carbohydrate (LDS) fermentation, MIU, KIA & IMVIC tests, Nitrate reduction, oxidase, catalase & litmus milk reaction tests, Antimicrobial sensitivity test of microorganisms (qualitative); Identification of unknown bacterial culture with the held of Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology; Basic Microbial Genetics- Protoplast fusion test; Detection of genetic material by staining; Test or enzyme induction; Isolation of drug resistant mutant; Medical (Microbiology - Microscopic study of Parasites, Microscopic study of the pathogenic microorganisms present in air, water & soil (Gram reaction, morphology, motility etc.), Microbial flora of throat and skin, Identification of human staphylococcal pathogen, Identification of human streptococcal pathogens; Human Physiology-Test in circulatory system: Total blood cell count, Differential count for WBC; Determination of total bilirubin, cholesterol and non esterified fatty acids, uric acid, glucose, etc. in blood; Gastro-enteric system ,Genitourinary tract system ;Respiratory tract system .

MIC 210 Microbiol Lab III

Virology-Cultivation and enumeration of bacteriophages; Isolation of bacteriophages from raw sewage; Detection of HBs Ag from patients serum by serological methods; Isolation of TMV virus and infecting plants; Microbial Nutrition and Metabolism- Relationship of free oxygen to microbial growth ; Anaerobic culture of bacteria; Degradation of polymer by exoenzymes; Actions of antiseptics, disinfectants, UV light and photo reactivation and antimetabolites.; Microbial Molecular Genetics-Isolation of plasmid and chromosomal DNA; Detection of DNA by agarose gel electrophoresis; Transformation of E. coli by plasmid; Study of gene expression in E. coli.; Medical Microbiology II- Isolation, identification and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of pathogenic microorganisms from clinical specimens-Stool, (b) Urine, (c) Pus, (d) Blood, (e) CSF and (f) Biopsy; Immunology-I Preparation of bacterial whole cell extract; Preparation of outer membrane protein; Immunization protocol for animals; Collection of serum and plasma; Separation of blood leucocytes; Test for cell viability; Phagocytosis by neutrophils; Agricultural Microbiology- Microbial population of soil, rhizosphere and rhizoplane; Denitrification and ammonification; Nitrogen fixation test; Identification of plant pathogens; Food Microbiology-Quantitative examination of bacteria in raw and pasteurized milk; Methylene blue reduction test; Microbiological analysis of fermented foods and nonfermented foods; Detecting Salmonella sp. on poultry; Industrial Microbiology- Production of microbial extracellular enzymes; Production of SCP; Production of antibiotics; Production of alcohol from molasses; Enzymology- Determination of enzyme activity (qualitative and quantitative); Determination of kinetic properties of an enzyme; Determination of activators and inhibitors of enzymes; Determination of molecular weight and substrate specificity of enzyme; Pharmaceutical Microbiology-Microbiological assay of pharmaceutical raw material; Microbiological assay of pharmaceutical solids ointments & oral liquids; Bioassay of potency of antibiotics; Sterilization and sterility test, pyrogen test; Microbiology of Frozen Fish and Food- Identification of microbial flora of frozen food and fish; Identification of different fish pathogens; Determination of microbial flora of frozen food; Identification of different pathogens in frozen foods

MIC 305 Microbiol Lab IV

Virology (II)-Detection of viral Ags/Abs from patients’ sera by immunological techniques; PCR Amplification of HBV core and surface gene; Detection of viral DNA by PCR amplification and dot-blot hybridization; Use of RPHA method for the detection of viral Ag/Ab; Titration of virus using immunofluorescent microscope; Immunology(II)- Detection of antigen and antibody (a) by Gel Immunodiffusion technique; (b) by Radial Immunodiffusion technique; (c) by Crossed immunoelectrophoresis technique; SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting of bacterial proteins; Complement fixation tests; . HLA typing; Environmental pollution- Enrichment and isolation of biodegradative microbes from environment; Non-culturable state of microorganisms (detection by FA or Acridine orange DVC); Detection of indicators and pathogenic microbes in potable water; Water purification (viz, flocculation, chlorination, ozonation etc.) Food Microbiology (II)- Detection of B. cereus and S. aureus in fast foods; Detection of E. coli and Aeromonas hydrophila in salad dressings; Isolation of Aspergillus flavas from oil seeds; Detection of emolysin and phospholipase C (toxins) from B. cereus; Genetic Engineering- DNA digestion by restriction enzymes; Ligation of DNA to appropriate vector; Study genetic map; Fermentations Technology- Determination of specific growth rate (µ), Doubling time (td) and generation time; Dough fermentation by baker’s yeast for bread making; Production of acetic acid by Acetobacter aceti; Demonstration of fermentor; Yogurt production by lactic starter; Production of citric acid by A. niger; Microbial Biotechnology- Whole cell immobllization by Ca-alginate; Determination of specific growth rate substrate utilization constant and biomass in a steady state batch culture; Pesticide degradation: Biodegradation of holozenated pesticite by bacterial dehalogenases; Diagnostic Microbiology- Determination of blood grouping; Coagulation/agglutination/hemagglutination; Determination of anti-streptolysin-O (ASO) titre; VDRL test; ELISA; Diect fluorescent antibody (DFA) detection of microbial pathogens; Plasmid fingerprinting in clinical diagnosis; Gene detection and DNA-hybridization analysis in clinical diagnosis; Complement activation; Tuberculin test; Widal test; Determination of C reactive protein (CRP); Determination of plasma fibrinogen level; Determination of fibrin degradation product (FDP); Radio immuno detection of Immunoglobulins (RID); Analytical Microbiology- Thin-layer chromatographic separation of amino acids Separation of sugars by paper chromatography; Determination of organic carbon in soil and waste water ; Microbiology Quality Control- Test for microbiological quality of water and beverages: standard qualitative analysis of water MPN, and quantitative analysis of water by membrane filter method

(c) Microbiology Internship

MIC 400 Industrial/Research Organizations Attachment 3 credits

Each student, individually or in a group of three will be sent to different food, beverages, pharmaceutical and other industrial concerns having some microbiology related work depending on the availability of space in the concerned organization, for a specific period of time every week for 12 weeks. Each student will have to submit a training report at the end of the attachment duly endorsed by the authority of the respective organization for evaluation and grading by the course teacher.

(d) MIC 450 Thesis/ Project 4 credits

Each student will be required to carry out thesis/project work in the 7th and 8th semester in a chosen field in any of the following areas as decided by the supervisor.

1. Food Microbiology
2. Microbial biotechnology
3. Industrial Microbiology
4. Molecular biology & genetics
5. Environmental microbiology
6. Clinical microbiology
7. Immunology
8. Virology
The supervisor may be a faculty member of the BRAC University or any other suitable expert from other universities, R&D organizations, private food and industrial microbiology enterprises. On completion of the thesis work he/she will have to submit a dissertation and face a viva board for the defence.

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